TYPES OF MAJORITY

THERE ARE 4 TYPES OF MAJORITY, DISCUSSED BELOW--

1.ABSOLUTE MAJORITY- It means majority of More than 50% of Total strength of house (i.e 545).

FOR, LOKSABHA > ½545 = 273 or more.

RAJYASABHA > ½245 =123 or more.

Absolute majority is used no where alone , It is used with Special majority.

It is rarely used in parliament but,politically it is Extremely important for POLITICAL STABILITY. If not absolute majority then political instability called HUNG PARLIAMENT arises.

HUNG PARLIAMENT—

It means no party has absolute majority to form Government. It is minority Government, which doesnot have a majority to from their own Government.

or we can say in indian terms as Jugad ki sarkar (sorry, it is just to retain.)

From 1889-2014, INDIA suffered because of minority Government.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.SIMPLE MAJORITY OR FUNCTIONAL MAJORITY-

A majority of more than 50% of members present and voting in the house.

Note- If a member is present and he abstains from voting, then he is not counted for simple majority.

FUNCTIONSOFSIMPLE/FUNCTIONALMAJORITY-

• For the passage of no-confidence motion, confidence motion,vote of thanks to the president’s address, censure motion,adjournment motion etc.

• For the passage of ordinary,money and financial bill.

• Election of speaker and deputy speaker in loksabha and deputy chairman in rajyasabha.

• Approval given by the parliament for the continuance of financial emergencyandpresidentruleinthestate.

• Disapproval for the continuance of National emergency by the loksabha.

•Where ever, the constituition does not indicate the type of majority needed then it is preassumed that simple majority is needed.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.EFFECTIVE MAJORITY- means majority of more than 50% of effective strength of house

(note-remember In absolute majority strength of house was total ) hence ,it is more easier to get effective majority.

Effective strength of house= Total strength of house - vacancies.[vacancies due to death,resignation, Disqualification etc]

Note-if a member abstains to vote, then it is not vacancy.

FUNCTIONS OF EFFECTIVE MAJORITY

• For the removal of vice-president in Rajyasabha [Article67(b)].

• For the removal of speaker and deputy speaker in the loksabha , chairman and deputy chairman in rajyasabha.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.SPECIAL MAJORITY-means a majority of not less then 2/3rd of members present and voting in the house.

Special majority is Used for Article-249, 312, 368.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Quoram-The minimum number of members must be present in the house for the house to sit and transact business. not less than ,1/10th of total strength of the house.

Loksabha-1/10545= 55 or more [excluding the presiding officer.]

Rajyasabha-1/10245= 25 or more [ ” ]

When Quoram is short,presiding officer adjourns the house.

Remember-Quoram is not a type of majority, it is similar to attendance in a class,but in class, Class-teacher takes class-test, when attendance is short,but in parliament speaker dismisses the class(parliament).

Thanks

and

for doubts and queries you can comment down below and check back reply with in 8-12 hours.

or

email us at IASCrashCourse@gmail.com